TEST
One of the main reasons of corruption in elections today is the lure of power which haunts the politicians so much that they feel no qualms of conscience in adopting any underhand method to come out successful. The Watergate Scandal in the U.S.A. is an eloquent example to testify to the fact how even the top level politicians can stoop to the lowest level in order to maintain themselves in power. Who does not remember how Adolf Hitler rode roughshod overall canons of electoral propriety to capture power? In India also the record of the various political parties is not clean. Corruption thrives in elections because those in the field play on the psychology of the electorate. The voters are swayed by the tall promises of the candidates to whose machinations they fall an easy prey. They are also susceptible to fall an easy prey to the adulations of the politicians due to their illiteracy. Besides, in the representative democracies today and particularly in big countries the constituencies are quite extensive obviating the possibility of corrupt practices being discovered. Anti-corruption laws are honored more in their breach than in their observance. Even the code of conduct to be observed by the parties fighting the elections becomes a dead letter in as much as it is jettisoned out of existence and thrown unscrupulously over board by the unfair politicians whose only aim is to maintain themselves in the saddle.
1.The politicians indulge in corruption in elections now-a-days because:
a. of lure of power
b. lure of money
c. Elections can be won only by corrupt means.
d. Corrupt practices in elections go unnoticed.
2.Which example of U.S.A. testifies to the fact that even the top level people can stoop very low in order to maintain themselves in power?
a. The New Deal
b. The Watergate Scandal
c. The Philadelphia Contract
d. The Washington Agreement
3.Adolf Hitler came to power:
a. as a result of bungling in elections
b. by liquidating any semblance of opposition
c. by organizing a mass movement
d. with foreign help
4. How does corruption thrive in elections?
a. The people themselves are corrupt
b. A sizable part of the society is corrupt
c. There is natural connection between elections and corruption
d. The politicians exploit the electorate psychologically.
5. Why according to the writer do the voters fall an easy prey to the machinations of the politicians?
a. They want to self their votes because of poverty.
b. They are illiterate and do not understand what designs the politicians have at the back of their tall promises.
c. They are coward and submit to the threats of physical violence held out by the cronies of the politicians.
d. They are totally indifferent to what happens on the political horizon.
6. Why according to the writer, do the corrupt practices indulged in elections go unnoticed?
a. because nobody is interested in discovering corrupt practices
b. because vested interests shield those who indulge in corrupt practices
c. because constituencies are so small that the politicians take the electorate, whose number is very limited, into confidence
d. because the constituencies are so big that it becomes difficult to discover the corrupt practices
7. What happens to the anti-corruption laws?
a. There is actually no such things as anti-corruption laws.
b. Anti-corruption laws are certainly honoured but in a limited way.
c. Anti-corruption laws are honoured more in their breach than in their observance.
d. The Government does not want to enforce anti-corruption laws
8. What happens to the code of conduct?
a. It is not observed at al.
b. It is observed only in a very limited way.
c. It is prepared in such a way that it leaves loop holes for the practice of corruption in elections.
d. The machinery devised to enforce the code of conduct is effective.
9. ‘To maintain themselves in the saddle’ means
a. to remain in state of preparedness
b. to be ready to run whenever danger is apprehended
c. to retain power in their hands by continuing in office
d. to play an unfair game
10. Which one of the following may be the most appropriate title to the above passage?
a. Corruption in Public Life
b. Corruption in High places
c. Politicians Game of Power
d. Elections and Corruption
11. At Shantiniketan classes are held in the open air.
P. Very often they act those written by Rabindranath Tagore, the great poet who founded Shantiniketan.
Q. They often act plays they have written themselves.
R. The place fills anyone with peace and quiet.
S. The students sit on the ground under the trees and listen to their teachers.
6. It is one of the best places of learning in India.
a. RSPQ b. PSQR
c. QRPS d. SQPR
TEST
What is immediately needed today is the establishment of a World Government of an International Federation of Mankind. It is the utmost necessity of the world today, and all those persons who wish to see all human beings happy and prosperous naturally feel it keenly. Of course, at times, we all feel that many of our problems of our political social and cultural life would come to an end if there were one Government all over the world. Travellers, businessmen, seekers of knowledge and teachers of righteousness know very well that great impediments and obstructions are faced by them when they pass from one country to another, exchange goods, get information., and make an effort to spread their good gospel among their fellow-men. In the past religious sects divided one set of people against another, colour of the skin or construction of the body set one against the other. But today when philosophical light has exploded the darkness that was created by religious differences, and when scientific knowledge has falsified the theory of social superiority and when modern inventions have enabled human beings of all religious views and of all races and colours to come in frequent contact with one another, it is the governments of various countries that keep people of one country apart from those of another. They create artificial barriers, unnatural distinctions, unhealthy isolation, unnecessary fears and dangers in the minds of the common men who by their nature want to live in friendship with their fellow-men. But all these evils would cease to exist if there were one Government all over the world.
1. What is the urgent need of the world today?
A. The establishment of an international economic order
B. The establishment of a world government
C. The creation of a cultured international social order
D. The raising of an international spiritual army
2. The people who face impediments and obstructions when they pass from one country to another and do a lot of good jobs are all the following except:
A. Travellers
B. Businessmen
C. Seekers of knowledge
D. Empire builders
3. In the past religious sects:
A. United the people with one another
B. Divided one set of people from another
C. Did a good job by way of spreading message of love and peace
D. interfered in political affairs
4. What was the factor that set one man against another?
A. Material prosperity of certain people in the midst of grinding poverty
B. Superior physical strength of some persons
C. Colour of the skin or construction of the body
D. Some people being educated and other illiterate
5. The theory of racial superiority stands falsified today by:
A. Scientific knowledge
B. The ascendancy of people who were here-tofore considered of inferior racial stock
C. The achievements of the so-called inferior races in every field of life.
D. The precedence given to physical prowess which the so-called inferior races possess and the so-called superior races lack.
6. What will the world Government be expected to do?
A. It will bring about universal happiness and prosperity
B. It will end all wars for all time to come
C. It will bring about a moral regeneration of mankind
D. It will kill the satan that is in man
7. Which of the following problems has not been mentioned in the passage as likely to be solved with the establishment of world Government?
A. Social problems
B. Political problems
C. Cultural problems
D. Economic problems
8. What or what divide/divides people of one country against another?
A. Different religions
B. Different languages
c. Different social and political systems of different people
D. Government of various countries
9. What do the government of various countries do to keep people of one country apart from those of another?
A. They create artificial barriers
B. They create unnatural distinctions
C. They foster unhealthy isolation
D. All of them
10. Pick out the most appropriate equivalent ( synonym) of the following words taken from the above passage:
ESTABLISHMENT:
A. Placement
B. Foundation
C. Installation
D. Evolution
