TENSE

TENSE

1.Present Indefinite Tense

Identity: ता है , ती है , ते है .

1.If there appear some words like : daily, everyday, often, sometimes, sometime, seldom, etc. so the sentence may be written into Present Indefinite Tense.

e.g. She _______ ( go/goes ) to school daily.

A.   She goes to school daily.

 2. For Universal  Truth

e.g. The Sun _____ ( rise/rises) in the East.

A.   The Sun rises in the East.

3. For Permanent Truth

e.g. This road ______ ( lead/leads ) to Durga Puri.

A.   This road leads to Durga Puri.

4. Habit

e.g. I ______ (not, take) coffee.

A.   I do not take coffee.



Simple Rule One: (Singular subject)He/She/It/This/ That/Name + 1st form of Verb + s/es + object. 

We use 'es' if there comes ( s/h/o/x) at the end of the verb.

e.g.       go + es = goes
            fix + es = fixes
        wash + es = washes
     confess + es = confesses
             try = tri + es = tries
            cry = cri + es = cries
We use 's' if there does NOT COME  ( s/h/o/x) at the end of the verb.
e.g.  read + s = reads
         call + s = calls
       write + s = writes
Simple Rule Two: ( Plural subject) I/We/You/They/ These/Those + 1st form of verb + object.

Note: We do not use 's/es' with the verb if Plural Subject is given.

2. Past Indefinite Tense

Identity: ता था , ती थी , ते थे , या , ई , ए .......

Simle rule: subject + 2nd form of the verb + object.
e.g. He gave me a book.
Negative rule: sub + did + not + 1st form of the verb + object.
e.g. I did not steal your mobile.
Interrogative rule: Did + sub+ 1st form of the verb + object?
e.g. Did you submit your fee?
Interro-negative rule : Did + sub + not + 1st form of the verb + object?
e.g. Did he not call you ?
Wh family rule: Wh family word + did + sub + 1st form of the verb + object?
e.g. Whom did you gift your bike?
3. Future Indefinite Tense
Identity: ग, \गे, गी .......

Simple rule: subject + will/shall + 1st form of verb + object.
e.g. I will top the examination.

Negative rule:  subject + will/shall + not + 1st form of verb + object.

e.g. They will not come here tomorrow.

Interrogative rule: Will/Shall + subject+ 1st form of the verb + object?
e.g. Will you meet her?

Interro-negative rule:  Will/Shall + subject + not + 1st form of the verb + object?

e.g. Will she not invite you on her birthday?

Wh family rule:  Wh family word + will/shall + subject+ 1st form of the verb + object?

e.g. Who will teach you?

TENSE RULES CHART

Indefinite Continuous Perfect Perfect continuous 1 P R E S E N T Simple Sub + v1 + s/es + ob. Sub+is/am/are+v1+ing +ob. Sub + has/have +v3+ +ob . Sub+ has/have + been + v1 + ing+ ob+since/for+time. Negative Sub+do/does+not+v1+ +ob. Sub+is/am/are+not+v1+ing + ob. Sub+has/have+not+v3 + ob. Sub+has/have+not been + v1 +ing+ ob+since/for+time. Interro- gative Do/Does + sub + v1 +  ob ? Is/Am/Are+sub+v1+ing+ob? Has/Have+sub +v3+ob ? Has/Have + sub + been+ v1 +ing+ ob+since/for+time? Interro-negative Do/Does+sub+not+v1+ ob ? Is/Am/Are+sub+not+v1+ing + ob ? Has/Have+sub +not+v3+ ob ? Has/Have+ sub+not been+ v1+ing+ob+since/for+time? 2 P A S T Simple Sub + v2 + ob. Sub+was/were+v1+ing +ob. Sub + had + v3 + ob. Sub + had + been + v1 + ing + ob+since/for+time. Negative Sub + did + not + v1 + ob. Sub+was/were+not+v1+ing +ob. Sub + had + not + v3 + ob. Sub + had + not + been + v1+ing+ ob+since/for+time. Interro- gative Did + sub +  v1 +ob? Was/Were+sub+v1+ing + ob ? Had + sub + v3 + ob? Had + sub + been + v1 + ing + ob+since/for+time ? Interro-negative Did + sub + not + v1 + ob ? Was/Were+sub+not+v1+ing +ob? Had + sub +not + v3 + ob ? Had+ sub + not + been + v1 +ing+ ob+since/for+time? 3 F U T U R E Simple Sub + will/shall + v1 + ob. Sub+will/shall+be+v1+ing + ob. Sub+ will/shall + have +v3 + ob. Sub+will/shall+have been + v1+ing+ ob+since/for+time. Negative Sub + will/shall+not+ v1+ob. Sub+will/shall+not+be+v1 + ing +ob. Sub + will/shall + not +have +v3 +ob. S+will/shall+not have been +v1+ing+ob+since/for+time. Interro- gative Will/Shall + sub + v1 + ob ? Will/Shall+sub+be+v1+ing + ob? Will/shall+ sub+have+ v3+ ob? Will/shall + s+ have + been v1+ing+ob+since/for+time ? Interro-negative Will/Shall+sub+not+v1+ob? Will/Shall+sub+not+be+v1+ ing +ob? Will/Shall+sub+not+ have + v3+ ob? will/shall+s+ not+have been v1+ing +ob+since/for+time?

TEST

Present tense

1.  He _______( go) to school daily.

2.  Barking dogs seldom__________     ( bite ).

3.  _______ she always complain against her husband ?

4.  They __________________         ( spread) the news so far.

5.  I  ___________________             ( teach)here since 1998.

6.  She  __________________          ( watch ) the T.V. still.

7.   Usually it _______ ( take ) two hours to reach the airport.

8.  Sometimes Sonu ____________ ( quarrel) with me.

9.  You _______________________ (not, deserve ) this post.

10.It __________________ ( rain ) now.

Past tense

11. She ______(meet)me yesterday.

12. They _______________ (sleep) at this time yesterday.

13. The train ____________ (leave) before I _________ ( reach ) the station.

14. She _______( wash ) the vessels after the guests ______________ ( go ).

15. My mother __________ (prepare) sweets which everybody ______  (eat ).

16. They _____________________ ( not , receive ) us warmly.

17. ____________________ ( you ) submit your fee yesterday ?

18. The thief _____________ ( run ) away as he ________ ( see ) me.

19. I _________________ (use, run) fast when I was a young chap.

20. You _______ ( promise ) to give me a golden ring but you ____ ( forget ).

Future tense

21. I ___________________ ( buy ) a book.

22. He ___________________ (run) at this time tomorrow.

23. They _____________________ ( reach ) here by 5 O’clock tomorrow.

24. I _________________________ ( teach ) here for 12 years next month.

25. She __________ ( not, leave ) you because you have ________ ( hurt ) her.